Watch Lucy Worsley's Nights at the Opera Season 1 Episode 2 Online

In this second programme, Lucy investigates four cities in France and Germany and four operas of a new kind that swept away conventions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They delved into the realities of people's lives and their deepest desires, especially those of women - for freedom, identity and sex. She visits Paris, where two operas captured the spirit of Bohemianism that swept the city - Bizet's Carmen, that showed the gritty realities of life for Paris's underclass and the upper classes' fear of them, and Puccini's classic opera La Boheme, about the lives and loves of a group of young people exploring the new personal and sexual freedoms available. Then to Bayreuth in Germany, where Wagner's monumental Ring Cycle set out create a 'total work of art' to that would tap into and transform German identity. Finally Lucy travels to Dresden, where Richard Strauss premiered Salome, a work that explored perverted female pleasure in a way that is still shocking even today.